Information Processing Theory

Information processing theory can be described as one of the 4 learning elements,Information processing focuses on how information is retained from memory. Once a student begins to learn how to read the may be inclined to pick up on implicit and explicit learning. Implicit learning takes place naturally; you learn something without even thinking about it. This is much easier for younger learners to grasp because of repetition or practice. Explicit learning happens on purpose, for example a lesson being taught on bears. That is an intentional lesson.

While thinking about the information processing theory it is easily understood in a model example which includes, Sensory Register, Attention, Working Memory, Encoding (M.O.V.E.R), Long-Term Memory and Retrieval. Sensory Register this is when you are applying what you know about learning through using your senses, here there is no limit when it comes to how much information is learned and processed. Attention is a hard concept to hold on to especially while doing more than one thing at once. It’s crucial to keep yourself attentive to one thing at a time. Often times this is known as the Cocktail Party Effect. It is possible to be in an area and be so distracted that you don’t remember anything once you leave the party or situation. From the Sensory Register you float into your Working Memory, also known as short term memory. Surprisingly working memory only saves up to seven items at a time, it catches the surface information. Most timesthe information retrieved here is recited, repeated but not learned. When keeping up with terms in the working memory it is easy to chuck, rehearse and use prior knowledge. The harder something is to understand, the harder it Is to try to multitask.

Encoding information also known as MOVER. M is for meaning this is when a student takes new taught information and applies it to something you already know. O is for Organization, placing information in a way that can be connected and clearly understood. V is for Visual Imagery is when you form mental pictures of the information. E is for elaboration, and or adding new information on to old. R is for Rehearsal this is the least effective, information does not say in the brain. Following decoding you move to long term memory. Where information is stored forever. 

Motivation

Motivation with students is often hard to with students. Keeping them motivated can often times be a challenging. Within in another class I learned the importance of theories when it comes to education, Motivation was indeed my favorite. Motivation is my favorite thing to talk about when it comes to working with students. Every student needs to be motivated in many different ways. Often times I lack motivation myself but it just depends on what helps to get me through. Motivation for each student is different which is why I love it so much; each child needs something different to get them involved with their learning. When a student is motivated their energy comes from within. There are two types of motivations, intrinsic and extrinsic. When I think of intrinsic motivation I think about an inner drive to achieve. This meanings doing something for internal rewards. They do not need to be a gift or reward present for the student to feel accomplished. When I came to college this was the motivation I grew to learn. Extrinsic motivation is what most students have throughout elementary school to high school even, their environment is what motivates them, knowing there is a reward that will be present once a task is completed. Often what you want the students to grown out off prior to college, began rewards are rare so to stay encouraged it has to be through inner motivations.

The Behavioral Learning Theory this deals with how students learning through their interactive behaviors. The Music Model theory is a great way to think about how to motivate students. Empowerment is about making the student feel they are in control of their learning. I think this is so important, and example of empowerment may be allowing the students to select the type of lesson taught for the day or giving them roles in the classroom. U is for usefulness which is kind of self-explanatory, students love to work when things make sense to them so making a lesson relate to them will keep them engaged in their learning. S is for success, as a teacher wanting your students to be successful is the main reason for any lesson taught.  Interest is capturing the students and keeping them involved. While learning to right lesson plans keeping students interested is honestly the hardest part, there can be students who are easily involved and others who aren’t. Caring, making sure that the students think about their success and that as your teacher care for your students. A mindset is big for Motivation it is all about how you think you can be motivated 

Ways to make keep students motivated:

https://teach.com/what/teachers-change-lives/teachers-motivate/

 http://www.teachhub.com/top-12-ways-motivate-students 

Roll and Read

An Infographic is a neat way of  showing a lesson layout for students and teachers. When asked to create one I wasn't sure where to start but I knew for sure I wanted to using a reading concept being that I have a reading concentration. So I chose to use sight words. Most parents are unaware of the amount of words their children should learn or know when they come into the classroom. I chose to use Kindergarten being that right know I am working with kindergarten students for my practicum. The activity I chose for the students is called Roll and Read, every number the student rolls on the dice they read the sight word under that category. For example if they roll a two and the sight word is like, The student must spell the word "l-i-k-e", once they spell the word they should then say it "like". Once the student completes the task they are to pass the dice to the next student and continue the task . This is fun for Kindergartens because they are learning their sight words whiling having a great time rolling dice. Now to make this more technology based the students will use the Smart Board lesson which I created for them to complete the same task. This can be done in groups and well as pair and even as a whole class.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.K.2
Count, pronounce, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.K.2.D
Isolate and pronounce the initial, medial vowel, and final sounds (phonemes) in three-phoneme (consonant-vowel-consonant, or CVC) words.1 (This does not include CVCs ending with /l/, /r/, or /x/.)The students will be learning how to a listen for sounds and learning to blend those sounds to recognize words that they've heard in the classroom. When rolling the dice the students are learning simple numbers one through six and being able to recognize one to one correspondences when counting the dots. As the teacher it is important to look for the students process during the activity. How is the student rolling the dice, are they using their fingers to count, can they spell, can they identify words they know to be familiar. Can they work well with others a student who can do all these task understand they activity completely. Your students will love this activity!

http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RF/K/ 

Digital Literacy: What you need to know

Digital literacy comes from the basic definition of the word “literacy,” meaning the ability to read and write. The term digital literacy is defined as being successful in today’s digital world. Being digitally literate allows you to learn to use technology in and outside of the classroom. As a teacher you can incorporate technology that students using in an everyday bases, and capture their attention while teaching. The amount of resources for technology are endless so as a teacher you will always be able to find a new and unique way to reach out to your students.In the 21st century, those in the workforce are expected to be able to work basic technology like computers and telephones. While some employers may offer training on unique technology, it is important that employees have a great te

chnological foundation so that the learning curve isn’t too steep.Digital Literacy is important because it allows students to have a different way of using literature. It also teaches them 21st Century skills within technology. Examples include online readings, ipads and ipods as well as student email. Digital literacy outside of the classroom can be seen in social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat. It can also be seen in politics and sports, as a variety of popular figures in those industries are constantly posting on social media forums.

By teaching students how to responsibly use technology, you can ensure they know all about internet safety. This includes securing your web browser applications with a password, not allowing yourself to receive any messages from strangers (can usually be done in security settings), and also teaching children that if they ever see something on the internet that makes them scared, confused, or uncomfortable, to seek the help of an adult right away. You can also teach children that the internet is a very public forum and that private or personal information that they wouldn’t want broadcasted on a billboard on the road does not belong on the internet at all. Copyright means the protection of making copies of something, changing any other person's’ work, the distribution of work to others, playing and or performing work to others, the displaying of a work to others, and the downloading of media files such as music or movies to your computer or a disc and making of a copy of that item for own use or for the use of selling. When teaching kids about plagiarism, by solely explaining the definition of the word, you won’t be getting very far. Instead, I think you should show children what plagiarism looks like. This is seen in examples like: copying and pasting text, copying text and only making minor alterations, copying text from several articles, etc.

Copyright is a form of protection given to the authors or creators of “original works of authorship,” including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic and other intellectual works.  What that means is that, as the author of the work, you alone have the right to do any of the following or to let others do any of the following:

-                   make copies of your work;

-                   distribute copies of your work;

-                   perform your work publicly (such as for plays, film, dances or music);

-                   display your work publicly (such as for artwork, or stills from audiovisual works, or any material used on the Internet or television); and

-                   make “derivative works” (including making modifications, adaptations or other new uses of a work, or translating the work to another media).

In general, it is illegal for anyone to do any of the things listed above with a work created by you without your permission, but there are some exceptions and limitations to your rights.  One major limitation is the doctrine of “Fair Use.”   

Studies show that children as young as five or six can understand that plagiarism is wrong. So your middle schooler or high schooler definitely knows that plagiarism isn’t a good idea. That said, she might not even know if she's doing it.

Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Technological Knowledge.

Content Knowledge: This is the knowledge you learn from reading information, or grasping information taught by the teacher or learned by the student. The content changes with the grade level and age. Pedagogical Content Knowledge: This is how you represent or present the knowledge you are given. How a teacher present test, quizzes and other assignments.

Technological Knowledge: Understanding how content and technology connect for a lesson.

https://www.noodle.com/articles/tips-to-help-your-child-avoid-plagiarism

http://www.livebinders.com/play/play?id=1794988#anchor

http://digitalliteracy.us/

http://www.auburn.edu/citizenship/copyright_for_teachers.html

I Am a Teacher at Heart

What does it mean to actual have teaching in your blood? Could it be the way you interact with teaching, could it be that teaching is something you just can't live without or could it be family related! When it came to picking my major education was a no brainier. I have a heart and passion for children ever sense I was about 7 years old. I get joy working with students, their warm hugs and smiles remind me of my passion to teach. I connect with students that struggle with reading because I was a student that never grasped comprehension well until the later part of my elementary school years, Which is why I chose to have a concentration in reading. I know what it's like a

s a student to struggle with reading and learning to read. I want to give my future students knowledge that they can apply not only inside the classroom but also outside of the classroom. I have a heart to teach, but I do come from a teaching background I feel might have influenced my career path. My Mother has been an educator for over 25 years. She is a Nursing Instructor at Pitt Community College. I have one sister and she has been teaching for 7 years now at Lake Forest Elementary School. Thanks to their love for teaching I strongly believe I was influenced to teach but I have my own motivation to teach. Teaching is in my blood because of my family history in education. Being a teacher is not only my dream job but apart of my lifestyle!